Effect of Dialysis on Biochemical Parameters in Chronic Renal Failure Patients: A Cross-sectional Study

Aims: Hemodialysis uses a semi-permeable membrane and electrochemical gradient to balance fluid and essential nutrient levels in the body. The kidneys perform this function in healthy individuals. The study aims to analyze the biochemical parameters of patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: The study enrolled 130 patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis in King Khalid Hospital Tabuk, Saudi Arabia between January 2023 and February 2023.

Methodology: The study applied correlation analysis to determine the nature of the relationships between the biochemical parameters during hemodialysis. Descriptive statistics were also used to determine the mean concentrations for the parameters during hemodialysis.

Results: The concentrations of urea dropped from 45.12mmol/l from week one to 5.74mmol/l in week four. While the concentration of creatinine dropped from 761.53umol/l from week one to 160.60umol/l in week four. The study used correlation analysis to establish that there was a statistically significant strong positive correlation between urea and creatinine, calcium, iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), and albumin had their concentrations vary during dialysis weeks, with their concentrations increasing during some weeks and decreasing during others. It was also determined that there was a significant negative correlation between urea and TIBC.

Conclusion: The study established that there was a significant reduction in the concentration of urea and creatinine during the fourth week of dialysis compared to the first week of dialysis. Therefore, dialysis helps to remove toxic waste products from the bloodstream.